Neutral quotations refer to the court (in Corr, UKHL = House of Lords); The quotes from the law report refer to the print journalist. Only cases from 2001 onwards will have neutral citations. A guide to judicial abbreviations in neutral quotations is available from BAILII. When citing cases, if the name of the case is indicated in the text, it may be omitted from the footnote (include the citation only in the footnote). The full reference (case name and citation) should be included in the bibliography. Abbreviate Ex parte to Ex p with a capital E only if it is the first word of the case name. The p has no period. Use the ICLR “Law Reports” series (AC, KB, QB, Ch, Fam) if the case is reported there. If a judgment is not reported in Law Reports, cite Weekly Law Reports or All England Law Reports. Only if a judgment is not reported in one of these general series should you refer to a specialist series such as Lloyd`s Law Reports or Family Law Reports. A citation is “neutral” if it does not refer to a particular set of legislative reports; It is independent of the system of legal relations. Cases are not identified by the rapporteur, volume and page number, but use the name of the court and the case number. To refer to a specific paragraph or page of a case in your article: The components of a typical case citation, including a neutral quote, are as follows: Neutral citations can be found by checking the case for Lexis, Westlaw, Practical Law or BAILII.
(round) if the volumes of the legislative report series are numbered independently (the volume numbers are maintained without returning to 1 each year): Text: The House of Lords conducted a subjective test for criminal damage in R v G.1. Omit descriptions such as a corporation if the party in question is named, but if only the initial of the party is given, the description (e.g. a minor) must be given at least in the first quotation. Terms indicating the status of the company (e.g. Ltd and plc) should not be omitted if they are included in the title of the report. Note: If there is no neutral quote, put the court abbreviation in parentheses at the end of the quote. Cases prior to 2001 generally do not have a neutral citation: R v Leeds County Court, ex p Morris [1990] QB 523 (QB) 530–31. Beattie v. E & F Beattie Ltd [1938] Ch 708 (CA) 720, 723.
If there are multiple parties, name only the first plaintiff and the first defendant. If the parties are natural persons, omit first names and initials. Abbreviate common words and phrases: Use BC for Borough Council, Co for Company, DPP for Director of Public Prosecutions, etc. (see OSCOLA, section 4.2.4 of the appendix for more abbreviations). Corr v. IBC Vehicles Ltd [2008] UKHL 13, [2008] 1 AC 884. Footnote [2003] UKHL 50, [2004] 1 AC 1034. Bibliography: R v G [2003] UKHL 50, [2004] 1 AC 1034 [square] if the year is necessary to identify the volume (if the volume number starts again each year): Bunt v.
Tilley, 2006] EWHC 407 (QB), [2006] 3 All ER 336 [1]–[37]. Callery v. Gray [2001] EWCA Civ 1117, [2001] 1 WLR 2112 [42], [45]. Use Re instead of In re, In the matter of, etc.: Re the Companies Act 1985 instead of In the Matter of the Companies Act 1985 and Re Farquar`s Estate instead of In re the Estate of Farquar. History of neutral citations: www.innertemplelibrary.org.uk/research-and-training/guide-to-neutral-citations/ Why ICLR? Although there are no formal legal reports in England and Wales, the ICLR (Incorporated Council of Law Reporting) series is considered the most reliable because (i) it contains the lawyer`s arguments and (ii) it is reviewed by both the lawyer and the judge. For instructions, see the Practical Guide to Citing Authorities.