Registrars usually charge a fee for assigning a new DOI name. Part of this fee will be used to support the IDF. The DOI system as a whole operates through the IDF on a non-profit cost-recovery basis. Other DOI resolvers and HTTP proxies are the Handle System and PANGAEA. In early 2016, doai.io launched a new class of alternative DOI resolvers. This service is unusual in that it tries to find a non-paid version (often archived by the author) of a title and redirects the user to it instead of the publisher`s version. [31] [32] Since then, other DOI resolvers benefiting from open access have been created, in particular oadoi.org/ in October 2016[33] (later Unpaywall). While traditional DOI resolvers rely exclusively on the handle system, alternative DOI resolvers first consult open access resources such as BASE (Bielefeld Academic Search Engine). [31] [33] The DOI system provides persistent and semantically interoperable resolution for current related data and is more suitable for hardware used in services that are beyond the direct control of the issuing transferee (e.g., public citation or management of valuable content). It uses a managed registration (provision of social and technical infrastructures).
It does not assume a specific business model for the provision of identifiers or services and allows other existing services to link them in a defined way. Several approaches have been proposed to make identifiers persistent. It is difficult to compare persistent identifier approaches because they do not all do the same thing. The inaccurate designation of a number of schemas as “identifiers” does not mean that they can be easily compared. Other “identifier systems” may be low-barrier technologies that provide an easy-to-use labeling mechanism that allows anyone to configure a new instance (for example, PERSISTENT Uniform Resource Locator (PURL), URL, Globally Unique Identifiers (GUID), etc.), but they may not have the functionality of a registry-driven schema and typically lack accompanying metadata in a controlled schema. The DOI system does not follow this approach and should not be directly compared to such identification schemes. Various applications have been developed that use these core technologies with additional functions that perform some of the functions of the DOI system for specific sectors (e.g. ARK). DOI is a URI registered under the information URI scheme specified by IETF RFC 4452. info:doi/ is the infoURI namespace for numeric object identifiers. [40] IDF-designated registrars provide services to DOI registrants: they assign DOI prefixes, register DOI names, and provide the infrastructure for registrants to report and manage metadata and status data. Registration bodies should also actively promote the widespread adoption of the DOI system, work with IDF in the development of the DOI system as a whole, and provide services on behalf of their specific user community.
A list of current CAs is maintained by the International DOI Foundation. The IDF is recognized by the DONA Foundation (of which the IDF is a member of the Board of Directors) as one of the federated registrars for the Handle System and is responsible for assigning Handle System prefixes under the top-level prefix 10. [36] A DOI aims to solve its objective, the object of information to which the DOI refers. This is achieved by linking the DOI to the object`s metadata, such as a URL where the object is located. Therefore, a DOI differs from ISBNs or ISRCs, which are only identifiers, in that it is exploitable and interoperable. The DOI system uses the indecs content model to display metadata. Because DOI is a namespace in the descriptor system, it is semantically correct to represent it as an info:doi/10.1000/182 URI. In the iLibrary publication service of the OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, any table or graph in an OECD publication is displayed with a DOI name that leads to an Excel file containing the data underlying the tables and graphs. There are plans to further develop these services. [22] The DOI system is an international standard developed by the International Organization for Standardization in its Technical Committee for Identification and Description, TC46/SC9. [37] Draft international standard ISO/DIS 26324, Information and documentation – Digital object identification system, met ISO`s approval requirements.
The relevant ISO working group then submitted a revised version to iso for distribution as a final draft international standard ballot (FDIS)[38], which was approved by 100% of voters in a vote closed on 15 November 2010. [39] The final standard was published on April 23, 2012. [1] The developer and administrator of the DOI system is the International DOI Foundation (IDF), which introduced it in 2000. [8] Organizations that meet the contractual obligations of the DOI system and are willing to pay to become a member of the system may assign DOIs. [9] The DOI system is implemented by an association of registrars coordinated by the IDF. [10] By the end of April 2011, more than 50 million DOI names had been issued by approximately 4,000 organizations[11], and by April 2013, that number had grown to 85 million DOI names issued by 9,500 organizations.